make作使役动词的用法也很常见,意思是“使成为”、“使作为”、“使变成”。具体用法如下:
1. 用作使役动词,表示“使”,后接不定式的复合结构作宾语时,不定式不能带 to;但是,若make为被动语态,则不定式必须带to。
例句:Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made to cry by his little sister.
虽然他曾经常把他小妹妹弄哭,但今天他被他小妹妹弄哭了。
PS:若make不表示“使”,而表示其他意思则情况不同。
比如下面两句,make后的不定式不是宾语补足语,而是目的状语:
We make candles to give light.
我们做蜡烛照明。
He made a box to put his money in.
他做了个盒子来装钱。
2. 其后除可接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语外,还可以接以下成分:
(1) 接过去分词作宾语补足语。
例句:He tried to make his ideas known.
他设法让别人知道他的想法。
(2) 接形容词作宾语补足语。
例句:We’ll do our best to make you happy.
我们会尽一切努力使你幸福。
(3) 接介词短语作宾语补足语。
例句:Sit down and make yourself at home.
请坐,不要拘束。
3. 有时可用作连系动词,表示“成为”“变成”等。
例句:She would have made an excellent teacher.
她本可以成为杰出的教师。
4.make复合宾语(即宾语+宾语补足语)有以下表达方式:
1. make +宾语+名词(作宾语补足语)。
例句:Most pop singers make music their career.
大多数流行歌手把音乐当作他们的职业。
2. make +宾语+不带to的不定式(作宾语语补足语)。
例句:Nobody made us go to bed at a certain time.
没有人让我们在某一固定时间就寝。
3. make +宾语+形容词(作宾语补足语)。
例句:But I was happy to help because I knew it was to realize our dream of making black and white people equal.
但是我乐于帮忙, 因为我知道, 这是为了实现我们黑人和白人平等的梦想。
4. make +宾语+过去分词(作宾语补足语)。
例句:The teacher raised his voice so that he could make himself heard.
那个老师提高了嗓门以便别人能听到他。
5. make +宾语+介词短语(作宾语补足语)。
例句:You made him into an honest one.
你使他成为一个诚实的人。
6. make +宾语+从句(作宾语补足语)。
例句:What has made China what she is today?
是什么让中国变成今天的样子?
7. make +形式宾语it +形容词或名词(做宾语补足语) +带to的不定式作真正的宾语。
例句:This makes it possible for agriculture and industry to develop quickly.
这使工农业有可能很快发展。
8. make +形式宾语it +形容词或名词(作宾语补足语)+从句(作真正的宾语)。
例句:They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important and necessary job.
他们要向公众表明,他们所做的工作不但重要,而且是必不可少的。